What is selenium and what is its use?

Selenium is a vital mineral for the human body. Thanks to its strong antioxidant effect, it protects cells from the damage of free radicals. It supports the immune system, providing resistance against diseases. It also helps the thyroid gland function properly. Selenium increases sperm production in men and plays a role in supporting fertility in women.

When selenium is not obtained in sufficient quantities through food, the body can face various health problems. In particular, the immune system weakens, and the body becomes more susceptible to infections. Selenium is also effective in protecting heart health. Its effects in reducing the risk of heart attack have been supported by scientific studies. In short, this mineral plays a critical role in both physiological and hormonal balance.

What are the symptoms of selenium deficiency?

Selenium deficiency occurs especially due to inadequate nutrition or certain chronic diseases. The most common symptoms include fatigue, muscle weakness, and hair loss. Changes in appearance such as dry skin and brittle nails may also be observed.

Weakened immune systems can lead to frequent infections, fatigue, and poor concentration. Additionally, thyroid hormone imbalances may occur, causing various problems such as irritability, weight gain, or weight loss. In some cases, irregular heart rhythm and weakening of the heart muscle have been observed. This deficiency can lead to more serious consequences, especially in individuals with suppressed immune systems.

What diseases are seen in selenium deficiency?

A deficiency of this mineral can trigger many chronic diseases. Keshan disease, a heart disease particularly common in some parts of China, is caused by selenium deficiency. Characterized by muscle weakness and pain, this disease can lead to permanent heart damage if left untreated.

Autoimmune diseases such as Hashimoto's thyroiditis are also associated with this deficiency. Impaired thyroid function affects the body's metabolic balance. Furthermore, a weakened immune system reduces resistance to infections, leading to more frequent illnesses. Neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease and cognitive decline are also thought to be related to selenium. Some studies have shown that individuals with low selenium levels have a higher risk of cognitive decline in old age.

What are the symptoms of selenium excess?

Although selenium deficiency can lead to serious problems, excess selenium is also risky for health. It can be toxic when taken in excessive amounts. The most common symptoms include a garlic-like odor in the mouth, white spots on the nails, and hair loss.

Skin rashes, digestive problems, and nervous system disorders can also occur as a result of excessive selenium intake. Long-term and high-dose supplements can negatively affect liver and kidney function. Therefore, it is strongly recommended to consult a doctor, especially before using selenium supplements . Otherwise, the body may be exposed to toxic effects, which can lead to serious health problems.

Selenium Supplement Use

Selenium can be used as a supplement when sufficient amounts cannot be obtained through diet. However, it should not be started without a doctor's recommendation, as indiscriminate use can have serious consequences. Supplements are generally sold in tablet or capsule form. The fact that the soils grown in Turkey are poor in selenium increases the risk of deficiency, especially in some regions. This situation may make the use of selenium supplements necessary.

The average daily selenium requirement for adults is 55 micrograms. This need increases slightly in pregnant and breastfeeding women. High doses of supplements taken without expert supervision can accumulate in the body and have toxic effects. Although supplements are categorized as vitamin supplements , caution should be exercised regarding their dosage and effects.

Ways to Cope with Selenium Deficiency

The most effective way to prevent selenium deficiency is to establish a balanced and nutrient-rich diet. Brazil nuts, eggs, seafood, and whole grains are very rich in selenium. Regular inclusion of these foods in your weekly diet is recommended. Furthermore, measuring selenium levels through blood tests allows for the early detection of deficiency risk.

Along with vitamin supplements, complex products containing selenium can also be preferred. It is important that these supplements are taken in doses appropriate to the individual's age, gender, and overall health condition. Increasing dietary diversity ensures a balanced intake not only of selenium but also of other micronutrients.

Selenium is an important mineral with multifaceted effects on human health. Its deficiency or excess can lead to various health problems. Therefore, meeting daily needs through a balanced diet is crucial. Selenium supplements can be used when necessary, under the recommendation of a physician. However, any supplement taken without proper knowledge can do more harm than good. Maintaining mineral balance in the body is essential for a healthy life.